- عندي مقاله علمية واللي شاطر بالترجمة يتجرملي الله لايهينها
- بس مو بالمشين ترالنسليشن ماتنفع
السلام عليكم
هلا خواتي
عندي مقاله علمية واللي شاطر بالترجمة يتجرملي الله لايهينها
بس مو بالمشين ترالنسليشن ماتنفع
What earned this town of the 33 saint' (or guardian genies) its symbolic power to fascinate? Even today ' Pearl of Medieval Mali' is renowned the world over because it was in its heyday, among the most radian seats of culture and civilization in the world. Testimony to this found not only in history book, but also in the unique earthen architecture, of which some of the finest examples are the mosques of Djingareyber, Sankore, and Sidi Yahia. UNESCO included all three of them in the World Heritage List in 1988
The history of these prestigious sites, which have survived over six centuries in an exceptionally harsh environment , is both fascinating and exhilarating .
The Djingareber Mosque was built by the Sultan of Mali , Kankan Moussa, on his return from a pilgrimage to Mecca in 1325-Accordign to. The German explorer Heinrich Barth, the date 1427 and the name of Kankan Moussa were still inscribed above the main door of the mosque when he visited the city in 1853.
Built by the Andalusian architect Abu Ishaq Esaaheli Altouwaidjin , whom the emperor had persuaded to return with him from Mecca with an offer of 40,000 mitquals of gold , the shrine was rebuilt and enlarged between 1570 and 1583 by Imam Al-Akib , a cadi (muslim judge) from Timbuktu , who would also refurbish the city’s two other major mosques
Except for a small part of the northern façade built of limestone, the Djingareber Mosque is made entirely of banco, earth mixed with organic materials such as fibre, straw and wood. It has here inner courts , two minarets and twenty five rows of pillars aligned in an east west diction .
This famous place of worship has been slowly deteriorating in the present century, and after 1990 it had to be included in the List of World Heritage in Danger, thus enabling it to benefit from a restoration project financed by the World Heritage Fund since December 1996.
Another architectural marvel, the Sakore Mosque, was built by a wealthy believer in the Mandingue Era (1325-1433) . If too , was demolished and rebuilt from 1578 to 1582 by Imam Al Akib . Having taken the measurements of the Kaaba with a rope during his pilgrimage to Mecca, he wanted to make this shrine in Timbuktu exactly the same size .
Also built of banco and in a style very similar to that of Djinareyber the Sankore Mosque has three colonnades defining the rows for prayers in winter, as well as a courtyard for summer prayers. In the centre, a single minaret stands about fifteen mentres hight. the northern part of the shirine , which used to be known as the university mosque. Was used as classrooms for the celebrated University of Sankore. According to the author of the Tarikh Elfettach, in the fifteen century there were 25,000 students as well as eminent teachers , and theology , law , grammar, astrology and history were taught there , along with, other subjects. World Heritage No. 13/1999.
لامست يدها النار اللي تساعدني
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